VALPORATE CHRONO 500 Tablet 10’s

INTRODUCTION

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is a combination of Sodium valproate and Valproic acid, which belong to the group of medicines called Anticonvulsant/Antiepileptic drugs. It is used to treat epilepsy in adults and children. It is also used to treat bipolar disorders. Epilepsy is an abnormal electrical activity in the brain and nervous system. The symptoms may include temporary confusion, muscle stiffness, jerky movements in legs or arms, loss of consciousness, psychological symptoms (such as anxiety or fear), etc.

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with liver problems or with a family history of liver problems, porphyria (a hereditary disease that affects the skin or nervous system), blood coagulation or clotting disorders, pancreatic diseases (inflammation of the pancreas), urea cycle disorder (a genetic disorder) or Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (a rare disorder that affects brain, liver & muscles), etc.

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET should be used with caution in patients with kidney problems or lung diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and diabetes. VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is also not recommended for use in pregnant and breastfeeding women. It should be used with caution in children (below 2 years of age). Consult your doctor before taking the medicine.

The common side effects of taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET may include dizziness, headache, sleep disorders, clumsiness/unsteadiness, trembling of hands and arms and nervousness. Consult your doctor if any of the symptoms worsen or persist.

USES OF VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET
Treats epilepsy
Treats bipolar disorders
HOW VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET WORKS

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET helps in treating epilepsy, where sodium valproate and valproic acid effectively increases the GABA (a neurotransmitter/chemical messenger) concentration in the central nervous system by reducing its degradation. It also blocks certain ion channels which reduce high-frequency neuronal activity in the brain, thereby reliving seizure activity.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE

Take VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET as advised by your physician. Swallow the medicine with a glass of water with or after food. Do not crush or chew the medicine. Your doctor will decide the correct dose and duration for you depending on your age, body weight and disease condition.

SIDE EFFECTS OF VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET
COMMON
Headache
Sleep disorders
Clumsiness or unsteadiness
Trembling of hands and arms
Nervousness
Changing moods
Blurred vision
Ringing in ears
Deafness
Dizziness
Flu
Abdominal or stomach pain
Heartburn
Nausea and vomiting
Diarrhoea
Skin rash
Hair loss or thinning of hair
Back pain
Change in menstrual periods
Lack or loss of strength
Mental confusion
Aggression
Convulsion
Memory problems
Becoming unreactive
Bedwetting
Signs of liver damage such as skin and eyes that appear yellowish (jaundice), abdominal pain and swelling.
Signs of inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis) such as upper abdominal pain, abdomen tenderness, fever and rapid pulse
Signs of Fanconi syndrome (a disorder of kidney tubes) such as excessive thirst, urination, vomiting
Overgrown gum tissue
Agitation
Disturbance in attention
Abnormal behaviour
Hyperactivity
Learning disorder
UNCOMMON
Unusual bleeding or bruising
Abnormal dreams
Anxiety
Feeling sad
Irritability
Pain in joints
Cough
Constipation
Dry eyes
Spots before the eyes
Ear infection
Ear pain
Runny nose
Dental pain
Bloating
Muscle pains or stiffness
Tiredness
Weight gain or loss
Learning disorder
Coma
Loss of muscle control
Brittle bones and fractures
Shortness of breath
Chest pain
Blood clotting problems
RARE

Stop taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET and contact your doctor if you experience any of the following side effects:    

Signs of allergic reactions such as swelling of the face, lips, eyelids, throat and tongue, which may cause difficulty in breathing and swallowing
Signs of altered levels of ammonia in the blood characterized by vomiting, balance issues and lack of alertness
Signs of liver problems characterized by nausea, vomiting, tiredness, sleepiness, weakness, stomach pain, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eye
Signs of inflammation of the pancreas characterized by acute abdominal pain
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Hallucinations
Suicidal thoughts
Psychosis (mental disorder causing disconnection from reality)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (life-threatening skin disorder causing widespread skin pain, rashes, blisters, sores and crusting)
Steven-Johnson syndrome (a skin disorder characterized by painful rashes and blisters on the skin)
Anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction characterized by shortness of breath, fainting or fastened heartbeat)
Erythema multiforme (a skin condition characterized by raised red rashes on the skin)
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (a disorder of ovaries characterized by irregular periods, hair growth on the skin, acne and weight gain)
Brain diseases such as cerebral pseudo atrophy (loss of brain cells), encephalopathy (disease altering brain structure and functions) and coma (loss of consciousness)
Signs of thrombocytopenia (a condition marked by decreased platelet count) such as spontaneous bruising or bleeding
Signs of agranulocytosis (severe decrease of white blood cells or bone marrow failure) such as fever and breathing difficulty
Signs of anaemia (decreased red blood cell count) as weakness, dizziness, pale skin and shortness of breath
Signs of macrocytosis (abnormally increased red blood cell size) such as brittle nails, loss of weight or diarrhoea
Signs of pancytopenia (decreased blood cells and platelets) such as weakness, dizziness, pale skin and shortness of breath
Drowsiness
Change in consciousness level (including coma)
Confusion
Memory loss
Abnormal behaviour such as changes in attention, concentration, mood, hallucinations or fits of more frequency and severity
Signs of hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland) such as tiredness or weight gain
Signs of pleural effusion (build-up of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest) such as breathing difficulty and pain
Increase in the number and severity of convulsions
Signs of rhabdomyolysis (a disorder caused by the breakdown of muscle tissue) such as muscle pain and weakness
Signs of systemic lupus erythematosus (autoimmune disorder) such as joint pain, fever, fatigue or rash
Signs of increased ammonia in the blood, such as problems in balancing and co-ordination, feeling lethargic or less alert associated with vomiting
Shakiness (tremor)
Jerky muscle movements
Unsteadiness when walking due to parkinsonism (brain disorder), extrapyramidal disorder or ataxia (a disorder marked by impaired coordination)
Uncontrollable and rapid movement of the eyes
Signs of kidney disease such as renal failure, tubulointerstitial nephritis such as blood in the urine, fever, increased or decreased urine output, weakness, confusion
Signs of Fanconi syndrome (a disorder of kidney tubes) such as excessive thirst, urination and vomiting manifest as reduced urinary output or blood in the urine
Signs of decreased blood sodium levels such as confusion
Confusion that occurs due to decreased sodium levels in blood and syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) secretion (a condition marked by high levels of the antidiuretic hormone that causes retention of water in the body)
HOW TO MANAGE SIDE EFFECTS

Headache:

Drink sufficient water and take plenty of rest. Do not skip meals. Do not take mental stress and strain your eyes. Consult your doctor if the condition persists or get worse in time.

Dizziness:

Lie down until the dizziness fades away and get up slowly. Do not attempt sudden head movements. Take adequate rest. Consult your doctor if the condition persists for long or gets worsened.

Diarrhoea:

Stay hydrated by consuming sufficient amount of water or fruit juice. Avoid taking medicine on your own to treat diarrhoea. Consult your doctor if the symptom gets worse or persist.

Constipation:

Consume healthy foods with high-fiber foods such as fresh fruit and vegetables, cereals and drink plenty of water. Maintain doing regular exercise, such as walking and running. Consult your doctor if the symptom gets worse or persist.

Nausea and vomiting:

Try to take VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET with or just after a meal or a snack. Stick to simple meals. Avoid eating oily or spicy foods. Consult your doctor if the symptom get worse.

WARNING & PRECAUTIONS
PREGNANCY

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is not recommended for use by pregnant women. Women with childbearing potential should use effective contraception methods while taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET. Consult your doctor before taking the medicine.

BREASTFEEDING

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is not recommended for use by breastfeeding mothers, as it may pass through breastfed milk. Consult your doctor before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

DRIVING AND USING MACHINES

Avoid driving or operating machines, if you feel drowsy or sleepy after taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

ALCOHOL

Avoid consuming alcohol while taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

KIDNEY

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET should be used with caution in patients with kidney diseases. Consult your doctor for advice before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

LIVER

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with liver problems or any family history of liver problems such as severe hepatic dysfunction, particularly due to some medicine. Consult your doctor for advice before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

ALLERGY

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is not recommended for use if you are allergic to Valproic acid, Sodium valproate or any other ingredients in this medicine.

LUNGS

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET should be used with caution in patients with lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Consult your doctor for advice before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

OTHERS

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is not recommended for use if you:

Have porphyria (a hereditary disease that affects the skin or nervous system)
Have blood coagulation or clotting disorders such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism 
Have pancreatic diseases
Have signs of urea cycle disorder (excessive ammonia build-up in the body) such as loss of appetite, vomiting and lethargy that causes excessive ammonia builds up in the body
Have a genetic disorder called Alpers-Huttenlocher syndrome (a progressive, neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by three co-occurring clinical symptoms which are psychomotor regression (dementia); seizures; and liver disease)

Before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET, inform your doctor if you:           

Have diabetes
Are scheduled for surgery such as dental surgery
Have systemic lupus erythematosus (a disease of the immune system that affects bones, joints and body organs)
Have a certain brain disease or any metabolic condition affecting your brain such as hypoglycaemic encephalopathy
Have a deficiency condition such as carnitine palmitoyl transferase type II deficiency (a condition that prevents the body from using certain fats for energy, particularly during periods without food)

Use in Paediatrics:

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET should be used with caution in children (below 2 years of age). Consult your doctor before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

Use in Geriatrics:

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET should be used with caution in elderly patients (aged above 68 years). Consult your doctor before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

INTERACTIONS

A. Drug-Drug Interactions:

Before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET, inform your doctor, if you are taking any of the following medicine:

Medicines used to treat depression or Parkinson’s disease, such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) Ex. selegiline, phenelzin
Medicines used to treat emotional and mental conditions Ex. diazepam, olanzapine
Medicine used to treat HIV infection Ex. zidovudine
Medicines used for thinning the blood Ex. warfarin
Other medicines used to treat epilepsy Ex. phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, primidone, rufinamide, topiramate, acetazolamide, lamotrigine and felbamate
Medicines used to treat pain and inflammation such as salicylates Ex. aspirin
Medicines used to prevent and treat malaria Ex. mefloquine, chloroquine
Medicines used to treat stomach ulcers Ex. cimetidine
Antibiotics or medicines used to treat bacterial infections such as carbapenem agents Ex. imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, erythromycin
Medicines used to lower blood cholesterol Ex. cholestyramine
Medicines used to treat tuberculosis Ex. rifampicin
Medicines used to treat cancer Ex. temozolomide
Medicines used to treat bleeding in the brain Ex. nimodipine
Medicines used to anaesthetise Ex. Propofol
Medicines used for birth control Ex. oestrogen-containing products
Medicines used to treat pain and fever Ex. metamizole

Overdosage

If you or anyone else accidentally takes too much of VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision, dizziness, poor reflexes, confusion, memory loss, tiredness, muscle weakness, fits, loss of consciousness, behavioural changes and breathing difficulties such as fast breathing or shortness of breath or chest pain.

SYNOPSIS
Drug :   Sodium valproate, Valproic acid
Pharmacological Category :   Anticonvulsants/Antiepileptics
Therapeutic Indication :   Epilepsy, Bipolar disorder
Dosage Forms :   Tablet
MORE INFORMATION
Keep VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET out of reach from children
Store VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET at room temperature
FAQs ABOUT VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET

What VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is used for?

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is used to treat epilepsy in adults and children. It is also used to treat bipolar disorders in affected individuals. Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain and nervous system characterized by repeated seizures (at least two unprovoked seizures within 24 hours). Consult your doctor before taking.

What happens if you take more VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET than your required dose?

If you or anyone else accidentally takes too much of VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET, consult your doctor immediately or visit the nearby hospital. Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision, dizziness, poor reflexes, confusion, memory loss, tiredness, muscles weakness, fits, loss of consciousness, behavioural changes and breathing difficulties such as fast breathing or shortness of breath or chest pain.

What side effects are seen with VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET?

The common side effects of taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET are dizziness, headache, sleep disorders, clumsiness/unsteadiness, trembling of hands and arms and nervousness. Consult your doctor before taking it.

Who should avoid taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET?

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is not recommended for use in patients with liver problems or with history of liver problems in the family, particularly due to some medicine. It is not recommended for use in patients with porphyria (a hereditary disease that affects the skin or nervous system), blood clotting disorders or pancreatic diseases (inflammation of the pancreas). VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET is also not recommended for use by pregnant and breastfeeding women. Consult your doctor before taking it.

Is VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET safe to use in children?

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET should be used with caution in children (below 2 years of age) and in young girls (below 18 years of age) to ensure safety as well as efficacy. Consult your doctor before taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET.

What if I forget to take VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET?

If you or your child have forgotten to take VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET at right time, take it as soon as remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for the forgotten one.

When to stop taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET?

Do not stop taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET, unless as advised by your doctor or if you experience any signs of an allergy (swelling of the face, lips, eyelids, throat, tongue which may cause difficulty in breathing and swallowing), abnormal levels of ammonia in the blood (vomiting, balance issues or lack of alertness), liver problems (nausea, vomiting, tiredness, sleepiness, weakness, stomach pain, yellowing of the skin or whites of the eye), inflammation of the pancreas (acute abdominal pain) or chest pain, etc.

Can I drive or use machines after taking VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET?

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET should be used with caution while driving or operating machines, as it might cause drowsiness and sleepiness. Consult your doctor before taking the medicine.

How VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET works?

VALPORATE CHRONO 500 TABLET helps in treating epilepsy where sodium valproate and valproic acid effectively increase the GABA (a neurotransmitter/chemical messenger)) concentration in central nervous system by reducing its degradation. It also blocks certain ion channels which reduce high-frequency neuronal activity in the brain, thereby reliving seizures.

REFERENCES

1. KD Tripathi. Antiepileptic drugs. Essentials of medical pharmacology. Seventh edition, 2013. Page – 417.

2. Masum Rahman, Hoang Nguyen. Valproic Acid. NIH National Library of Medicine. National Centre for Biotechnology Information. StatPearls [Internet]. [Revised in October 2021] [Assessed 7th July 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559112/

3. E Perucca, R Grimaldi, G Gatti, S Pirracchio, F Crema, G M Frigo. NIH National Library of Medicine. National Centre for Biotechnology Information. PMC PubMed Central. June 1984. [Assessed 7th July 2022] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1463439/

4. Sanofi-Aventis. Electronic Medicine Compendium (EMC). [Revised in January 2022] [Assessed 7th July 2022] https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/files/pil.1444.pdf

5. Intas Lifesciences Private Limited. VALPROL CR-300 CR Tablets. [Revised in August 2015] [Assessed 7th July 2022] https://www.intaspharma.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Valprol-CR.pdf

6. Brimpharm SA (Pty) Ltd. NAVALPRO CR. [Revised in February 2015] [Assessed 7th July 2022] https://www.sahpra.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Navalpro_PIL_Brimpharm_MCC-format-01-February-2015.pdf

USEFUL DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
Blood test
Urine analysis
Liver function test
EEG (electroencephalogram)
Country Of Origin
India